1, West African chaw nres nkoj nyob rau hauv siab (tso rau ntau tshaj 7 hnub rau berthing)
Mob hnyav heev
1. Conakry
Qhov nruab nrab tos lub sijhawm rau cov nkoj tawg ntawm cov thauj tog rau nkoj yog 14-30 hnub, thiab qhov ntev tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov sij hawm siab tshaj plaws rau 60 hnub ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem nres. Cov khoom siv ntawm Ximengdu Iron Mine yog tsom rau ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj, thiab cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg yog cov laus, lub vaj yog saturated, thiab muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom hauv av. Lub voj voog tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom loj tau nce ob npaug, thiab tus nqi demurrage thiab khaws cia yog siab. Ntau lub tuam txhab shipping tau ntxiv congestion surcharges. Lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj: Dakar, lub sijhawm tos tsuas yog 3-5 hnub.
2. Lagos
Cov kab tawm ntug dej hiav txwv kav ntev li 7-19 hnub, thiab thaj chaw chaw nres nkoj muaj cov tsheb tsim kho thiab cov khoom siv hauv vaj tse. Cov khoom lag luam hauv zos tau tsom mus rau ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj, cov nqa nqa hnyav yog nruj, qhov kub thiab txias tau txo cov sij hawm ua haujlwm, thiab muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv av. Tom qab cov khoom tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj, ntxiv 10 hnub tsis muaj sijhawm yuav tsum tau tshwj tseg rau kev tuaj tos.
Nruab nrab congestion
1. Abidjan
Qhov nruab nrab tos lub sij hawm rau berthing yog 7-9 hnub, nrog ib tug me me qhov siv ntawm ntau tshaj 95%. Lub zog tsis tu ncua ua rau lub sijhawm thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm, thiab lub sijhawm nruj rau cov khoom siv loj loj.
2. Tema
Tos ntau tshaj 7 hnub, cov chaw nres tsheb tsis txaus, tsis tshua muaj qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm steel thiab engineering, thiab ncua sij hawm berthing thaum lub caij ncov.
2, East African Chaw nres nkoj (tos ntau tshaj 7 hnub)
1. BEIRA (Mozambique)
Lub sijhawm tos nruab nrab ntawm kev thauj mus los hauv lub nkoj thauj khoom yog tshaj 13 hnub, tab sis tus naj npawb ntawm cov berths tsis txaus. Inland transit infrastructure cargo yog concentrated, thiab lub vaj yog ntim nrog cov khoom loj, ua rau qeeb kev lis kev cai clearance ceev.
2. Dar es Salaam
Cov nkoj tawg ntho tos 7-12 hnub los nres, thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom thauj los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws hauv tebchaws Tanzania yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lub davhlau ya nyob twg nqa cov khoom siv tsis txaus, thiab kev thauj khoom thiab teem caij ntawm cov khoom loj yog ntev.
3. Mombasa
Tos rau 5-12 hnub ntawm ntab, tsis txaus ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom hauv av, kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov chaw cia khoom los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv vaj tse thiab cov hlau, thiab tag nrho txuas ntxiv mus.
3, Mediterranean North African Chaw nres nkoj (tso rau ntau tshaj 7 hnub)
1. Alexandria (Egypt)
Cov nkoj tawg ntho tau tos 7-8 hnub rau berth, thiab muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov berths tshwj xeeb rau kev nqa hnyav. Muaj cov kab loj loj rau kev ua haujlwm engineering loj, thiab cov haujlwm txhua hnub ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj yog txwv.
2. Diliskelesi (Egypt)
Tos ntau tshaj 7 hnub, nrog ob peb lub chaw thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm cov khoom siv loj, thiab lub sijhawm tos ntev rau cov hlau thiab cov khoom ua tiav.
3. Algiers (Algeria)
Tos ntawm thauj tog rau nkoj rau 7-10 hnub, nruj kev lis kev cai nyob rau hauv lub zos clearance xyuas, tsis txaus yard peev, thiab ntev cov cuab yeej thiab cargo lub sij hawm kaw; Cov ntaub ntawv tsis tiav yuav ua rau lub sijhawm demurrage ntev.
4. Oran (Algeria)
Tos li ntawm 7 hnub, cov peev txheej nqa hnyav yog nruj, thiab cov khoom thauj mus rau qhov ntev thiab dav dav yuav tsum tau teem sijhawm ua ntej.
4, Tam sim no qhov xwm txheej ntawm congestion ntawm mainstream ports nyob rau hauv Hiav txwv Liab
Jeddah (Red Sea congested area)
Kab li 15-30 hnub ntawm lub nkoj thauj mus rau cov nkoj tawg. Lub ntim ntawm cov khoom xa tawm los ntawm Hiav Txwv Liab tau nce siab, kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom thaum lub caij pilgrimage tau nce siab, qhov chaw nres nkoj saturated los ntawm 90%, inland trailer congestion, thiab kev lis kev cai clearance thiab xa mus rau cov khoom loj yog ntev li 6-8 lub lis piam. Ntau tus nqi cia thiab demurrage tseem nce ntxiv.
Lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj: Sarala, Khorfakan, tos tsuas yog 2-4 hnub, nrog lub sijhawm xa khoom ruaj khov.
Djibouti (transit hub)
Kev mob me me, tos 3-6 hnub rau kev nres tsheb, tsis ncav cuag 7-hnub ceeb toom kab, tsuas yog siv rau kev hloov pauv.
5, Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Xa Khoom Rau Africa Exports
1. Lub caij los nag nyob rau sab hnub poob teb chaws Africa coincides nrog kub kub, txiav txhua hnub davhlau ya nyob twg cov sij hawm ua hauj lwm los ntawm 30%, thiab sailing sij hawm feem ntau ncua los ntawm 10-25 hnub.
2. Muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj thauj khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom thauj ntau ntxiv -ntev, ntxiv - dav thiab hnyav hnyav thauj khoom; Kev thauj mus los ncaj qha ntawm Conakry thiab Lagos yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam tus nqi demurrage ntau dhau.
3. Ua kom tiav cov ntaub ntawv ECTN/BESC ua ntej ua zaub mov xa tuaj. Cov ntawv pov thawj uas ploj lawm yuav ua rau cov khoom thauj khoom thauj thiab ncua kev xa khoom ntxiv.
6, Shipping Risk Avoidance Qhia
Tuav lub sijhawm 20-30 hnub tsis nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm booking kom them rau qhov kev ncua tsis tau npaj txhij los ntawm kev tos tos, kev lis kev cai thiab kev thauj mus los hauv av.
Nco tseg: Lub sijhawm teev cov chaw nres nkoj congestion cuam tshuam cov xwm txheej ib txwm nyob rau lub Xya Hli. Lub sijhawm tos yuav raug ncua ntev vim yog kev saib xyuas lub davhlau ya nyob twg, kev hloov kho txoj cai lossis huab cua hnyav. Lub sijhawm tsis txaus txaus yog pom zoo rau tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj.
