Arabic (العربية, al-ʿarabiyyah) yog ib hom lus Semitic, zoo li Hebrew thiab Aramaic uas thawj zaug tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-ninth caug xyoo BCE nyob rau sab qaum teb Arabia thiab Sahara yav qab teb Levant.[4][5]Tsis zoo li ob lub tom kawg, qhov twg yav dhau los muab los ntawm lwm tus, txawm li cas los xij, Arabic nws tus kheej yog cov lus hauv paus, zoo li Latin. Tsis zoo li Latin, nws tseem siv dav thiab hais lus niaj hnub no. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 292 lab tus tib neeg hais nws ua lawv thawj hom lus. Ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem nkag siab nws ua hom lus thib ob hauv Maghreb. Cov lus Arabic yog sau los ntawm sab xis mus rau sab laug hauv cov tsiaj ntawv consonant, uas tseem hu ua abjad.[6]Txij li nws tau hais dav dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb, cov lus yog ib ntawm rau rau hom lus ntawm United Nations. Lwm hom lus ntawm UN yog: Askiv, Fabkis, Spanish, Lavxias thiab Suav.[7]
Ntau lub tebchaws hais lus Arabic ua hom lus, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv hais tib yam nkaus. Cov lus muaj ntau yam lus, los yog ntau yam, xws li Modern Standard Arabic, Egyptian Arabic, Gulf Arabic, Maghrebi Arabic, Levantine Arabic thiab ntau lwm tus. Qee cov lus hais txawv txawv ntawm ib leeg uas qee tus neeg hais lus nyuaj to taub lwm tus. Ntau lo lus dialectic txawm li cas los xij tseem tseem muaj nyob hauv cov lus qub, lossis cov lus classical.
Feem ntau ntawm cov teb chaws uas siv Arabic ua lawv cov lus hais yog nyob rau hauv Middle East. Lawv yog ib feem ntawm Arab Ntiaj Teb, kev ntseeg loj tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam yog Islam.
Arabic yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv Islam vim Muslims ntseeg hais tias Allah (Vajtswv) siv nws los tham nrog Muhammad los ntawm lub Archangel Gabriel (Jibril), muab nws lub Quran nyob rau hauv lus. Ntau tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg hais lus Arabic yog Muslims. Qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Quran tau ntseeg tias nyob hauv nws cov lus.
Arabic kuj tau dhau los ua hom lus nrov los kawm hauv ntiaj teb sab hnub poob txawm tias nws cov qauv sau ntawv yog qee zaum nyuaj heev rau kev kawm rau cov neeg hais lus ntawm Indo-European hom lus. Ntau lwm yam lus tau qiv cov lus los ntawm Arabic vim nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm. Qee cov lus Askiv uas tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau Arabic yog qab zib,[8]paj rwb,[9]magazine,[10]algebra,[11]cawv[12]thiab emir.[13][14][15]
Arabic yog hom lus ntawm cov tebchaws no:
Algeria
Bahrain
Comoros
Chad
Djibouti
Egypt
Eritrea
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Mauritania
Morocco
Oman
Pakistan
Palestine
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Somaliland
Sudan
Syria
Tunisia
United Arab Emirates
Yemen
Nws tseem yog ib hom lus hauv tebchaws:
Mali
Somalia
Senegal
Cov tsiaj ntawv [hloov|hloov qhov chaw]
Cov tsiaj ntawv Arabic yog cov tsiaj ntawv cim nrog 28 tus tsiaj ntawv, raws li hauv qab no:
ا (alif ua, hais a)
ب (ua ba, hais zoo li tsab ntawv Askiv 'b')
ت (ua, hais tau zoo ib yam li tsab ntawv Askiv 't')
ث (tias, hais zoo li 'th' hauv 'da dej')
ج (yim, hais zoo li 'j')
ح (haa, hais zoo li hnyav 'h' ntawm caj dab)
خ (qha, pronounced zoo li ib tug reetch los yog snort ntawm caj pas)
د (dal, hais zoo li 'd')
ذ (thal, hais zoo li 'th' hauv 'tus')
ر (ra', hais zoo li 'r' hauv Italian)
ز (zay, hais zoo li 'z' hauv zebra)
س (pom, pronounced zoo li hiss)
ش (sheen, hais zoo li 'shh')
ص (saud, pronounced zoo li tuspomtab sis me ntsis hnyav dua)
ض (dah, hais zoo lidaltab sis hnyav dua)
ط (tah, pronounced zoo li lub siab 't')
ظ (tias, pronounced los ntawm rub lub midsection ntawm koj tus nplaig nqes thaum sim hais ib tug hnyav 'th')
ع ('ib, pronounced zoo ib yam li lub suab gagging)
غ (gha, pronounced zoo li gargling dej)
ف (ua fa, hais zoo li 'f')
ق (qiv, zoo li lub suab ua nyob rau hauv comical cartoons thaum cov cim gulp dej haus)
ك (kaf, hais zoo li 'k')
ل (lam, hais zoo li 'L')
م (meem, pronounced zoo li 'm')
ن (tav su, pronounced zoo li 'n')
ه (ha, soft 'h' suab)
و (vaw, hais zoo li 'w' lossis 'ooh')
ي (yog, hais zoo li 'y')